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Capacitor JS is a framework for building cross-platform web applications with native functionality, developed by the team behind Ionic Framework. If you’re preparing for an interview for a role like Hybrid Mobile App Developer focusing on Capacitor.js, here are some questions you might encounter, along with brief explanations for each:
Basic Questions
What is Capacitor?
Capacitor is a cross-platform native runtime for web apps that allows you to build web applications that run on iOS, Android, and the web, with native device functionality using a single codebase.
How does Capacitor differ from Cordova?
Capacitor is a modern alternative to Cordova that provides a more consistent API, better support for modern web standards, and integrates more seamlessly with modern JavaScript frameworks. Capacitor also includes a plugin system and a CLI that is more intuitive compared to Cordova’s.
How do you install Capacitor in a project?
You install Capacitor by running npm install @capacitor/core @capacitor/cli and then initializing it with npx cap init.
Core Concepts
What are Capacitor plugins?
Plugins are libraries that allow you to access native device features (like GPS, camera, etc.) from your web application. Capacitor provides a set of core plugins, and you can also create custom plugins.
How do you create a Capacitor plugin?
To create a Capacitor plugin, you use the @capacitor/cli to generate a plugin project. You define the native code and the web code for the plugin and then register it with the Capacitor core.
What is the role of capacitor.config.json?
The capacitor.config.json file contains configuration settings for your Capacitor project, including app ID, app name, and platform-specific settings.
Advanced Questions
How does Capacitor handle platform-specific code?
Capacitor allows you to write platform-specific code using its plugin system. You can write native code for iOS and Android and use Capacitor’s bridge to call this code from JavaScript.
What is the Capacitor bridge?
The Capacitor bridge is the mechanism that allows communication between the web application and the native code. It facilitates calling native code from JavaScript and vice versa.
How do you handle updates and versioning in Capacitor?
Capacitor does not automatically update native code; you need to manually manage updates. To ensure compatibility, you should regularly update the Capacitor CLI and core packages, and test the application on all target platforms.
Explain how Capacitor handles live reloads during development.
Capacitor supports live reloads by using a local development server that serves your web app. When you make changes, the server automatically reloads the app in the emulator or on the device.
Troubleshooting and Best Practices
What are common issues developers face with Capacitor and how do you troubleshoot them?
Common issues include mismatches between web and native code, platform-specific bugs, and issues with plugin installations. Troubleshooting involves checking logs, ensuring dependencies are correctly installed, and referring to Capacitor’s documentation and community forums.
How do you test Capacitor apps on real devices?
You can test Capacitor apps on real devices by using the npx cap open ios or npx cap open android commands to open the native IDEs (Xcode for iOS and Android Studio for Android) and deploy the app to a physical device.
What are best practices for managing Capacitor plugins?
Best practices include keeping plugins up-to-date, only using well-maintained and widely-used plugins, and regularly testing the app on all platforms to ensure plugin compatibility.